Towering over the skyline of Cologne, Germany, the majestic Cologne Cathedral stands as a testament to Gothic architecture and human perseverance. This UNESCO World Heritage site, with its twin spires reaching 157 meters into the sky, took over six centuries to complete. Construction began in 1248 but was halted in the 16th century, only to be resumed in the 1840s, and finally finished in 1880. The cathedral’s awe-inspiring facade, stained glass windows, and the Shrine of the Three Kings make it a must-visit destination for history enthusiasts, architecture lovers, and spiritual seekers alike. Cologne Cathedral not only serves as the city’s iconic landmark but also as a symbol of German resilience and cultural heritage.
About Cologne Cathedral
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The Cologne Cathedral, or in German, the Kölner Dom, is an extraordinary example of Gothic architecture. It is located in Cologne, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It is also the place of the Archbishop of Cologne and the chancery of the Archdiocese of Cologne. This cathedral is one of the most important examples of Catholicism in Germany, as well as Gothic architecture, and it has been listed as a World Heritage site since 1996.
The cathedral was built for the purpose of accommodating the shrine of the Three Kings and for the Holy Roman Emperor’s lavish church. Even though it took over 600 years to be built and was left halfway through for a long time, Cologne Cathedral remains an enduring symbol of faith in the Christian religion in medieval and contemporary Europe. It is Germany’s most popular tourist attraction and receives about 6 million visitors every year.
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History Of Cologne Cathedral
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Cologne Cathedral has a rich history. Archbishop Konrad von Hochstaden laid the foundation stone on August 15, 1248. Early construction saw the completion and consecration of the eastern arm in 1322. However, work ceased in 1473, leaving the south tower incomplete but crowned with a huge crane that remained a landmark for 400 years.
Again, with the architectural revival in the middle of the 19th century, the construction of the cathedral was continued in 1842. It took 632 years to complete the construction of the cathedral, which was only completed in 1880. This completion represented German nationhood, and for a short while, the cathedral was the tallest building in the world.
The cathedral was bombed 14 times during the Second World War, but it still stands up to date. The post-war restoration work was finished in 1956, and the constant maintenance work is still carried out to this day. In 2007, a new stained-glass window was created by the contemporary artist Gerhard Richter, which gave a contemporary look to the old building. Cologne Cathedral is one of the most popular landmarks of the city and the country as a whole; it has been included in the list of UNESCO World Heritage since 1996. It is one of the oldest and most significant religious destinations in Northern Europe; it is possible to climb up 533 steps to a platform which offers great views of the Rhine.
Architecture Of Cologne Cathedral
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Cologne Cathedral’s architecture is a masterpiece of Gothic design, closely modelled after Amiens Cathedral. The ground plan is in the shape of a Latin Cross, featuring two aisles on either side that support one of the highest Gothic vaults in the world. The external structure is designed to control the outward thrust of the vault through the use of a flying buttress, borrowed from French Gothic architecture. The eastern end of the cathedral has only one ambulatory while the second aisle forms a chevet of seven radiating chapels.
Inside, the medieval choir is more stilted and monotonous than the 19th-century parts. It has a French-style layout with a high arcade, a slim triforium or a blind gallery, and intricate tracery which blends with the clerestory windows on top. The clerestory windows are high and contain some of the old figurative glass. The whole construction is connected by high stiles which are uninterrupted from the floor to the spring of the vault.
Despite the desecration of the choir by French Revolutionary troops, the church still possesses a number of original fittings, such as carved stalls. The previous entrance to the cathedral is depicted by a big statue of St. Christopher carved out of stone. The nave has numerous stained glass windows from the 19th century, among which is the so-called Bayernfenster given by Ludwig I of Bavaria, which is characteristic of the painterly German manner of that period.
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Things To Do Inside The Church
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Cologne Cathedral, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a stunning example of Gothic architecture and a must-visit landmark in Germany. Here are some things you can do inside the cathedral:
- Admire the Architecture: Admire the amazing Gothic architecture, the tall towers and the beautiful carvings that make the cathedral an architectural excellence of the Middle Ages.
- Visit the Shrine of the Three Kings: This is a golden shrine which is said to contain the remains of the Three Wise Men and is, therefore, an important religious icon.
- Explore the Treasury: The Cathedral Treasury is home to numerous religious objects, medieval sculptures and paintings, and other artefacts.
- Climb the South Tower: If you want to have an impressive view of Cologne, you must be ready to climb 533 steps to the top of the South Tower.
- See the Stained Glass Windows: The cathedral also has a collection of stained glass windows, which are as old as the 14th century and are examples of good works of art from the medieval period.
- Observe the Gero Crucifix: This crucifix is one of the earliest large-scale crucifixes in Europe, dating back to the 10th century, and it is one of the most beautiful religious art pieces.
- Walk on the Mosaic Floor: The floor is a mosaic one, and while not as old as the cathedral itself, it still contributes to the beauty and the overall historical feel of the interior.
Entrance Fees And Timings
Cologne Cathedral is open daily from 6:00 AM to 8:00 PM, with tourist visiting hours on weekdays from 10:00 AM to 5:00 PM and on Sundays from 1:00 PM to 4:00 PM. Entrance to the Cathedral is free, although certain areas, such as the Treasury and the Tower, may have associated fees. Be sure to take your time to admire the stunning Gothic architecture and stained glass windows. It’s a remarkable experience that captures the rich history and culture of Cologne.
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Cologne Cathedral symbolises human determination, artistic skill, and strong faith. Its tall spires attract visitors worldwide, showing them centuries of German history and culture. Are you ready to see the beauty of Cologne Cathedral in person? Don’t wait any longer to dive into Germany’s rich heritage. Book your trip to Germany today and prepare to be amazed by this architectural wonder and the vibrant city that surrounds it. Your unforgettable journey awaits!
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Frequently Asked Questions About Cologne Cathedral
What is special about Cologne Cathedral?
Cologne Cathedral is celebrated for its stunning Gothic architecture and immense twin towers, making it the largest Gothic church in northern Europe. Designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1996, it symbolises the city's rich history and culture.
What is the legend of the Cologne Cathedral?
According to legend, the devil aided in the cathedral's construction, demanding the first living being to enter as payment. However, a rooster was sent in first, cleverly tricking the devil and saving the soul from his grasp.
Why is the cathedral in Cologne so dark?
The dark colour of Cologne Cathedral is a result of sandstone reacting with sulphuric acid in rainwater, causing it to turn dark grey over time. This natural process has given the cathedral its distinct, weathered appearance.
Who is buried in Cologne Cathedral?
Cologne Cathedral is home to the relics of the Three Wise Men, believed to be housed in a magnificent golden shrine. Additionally, the remains of martyrs Felix, Nabor, and possibly Gregory of Spoleto can be found within its walls.
Why is Cologne so famous?
Cologne is renowned for its magnificent Gothic architecture, especially the iconic cathedral, as well as its vibrant beer culture and scenic views of the Rhine River. The city is also known for its lively carnival celebrations and cultural significance.
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